All websites I manage (reinaldudras.ee, etc., hereinafter "Websites") are operated solely by Reinald Udras (provider details can be found in the Impressum). The following terms apply:

I. General Provisions

1. General Provisions

1.1. These Terms of Service ("Terms") govern the use of all websites operated by Reinald Udras, including all free and paid digital services offered through them, unless a specific service expressly provides otherwise.

1.2. The service provider is:

Reinald Udras
Frankfurter Allee 19
10247 Berlin
Germany

Further contact details are available in the Legal Notice (Imprint).

1.3. By accessing or using the Websites, you enter into a legally binding agreement with the Service Provider and confirm that you have read, understood, and accepted these Terms.

1.4. If you do not agree with these Terms, you must not access or use the Websites or any services provided through them.

1.5. These Terms apply to all users of the Websites, regardless of whether they access the Websites as visitors, registered users, or paid subscribers.

1.6. These Terms supplement the Privacy Policy, Cookie Policy, and any other legal notices published on the Websites.

II. Definitions

For the purposes of these Terms, the following definitions apply.

Websites

All websites, subdomains, and digital services operated by Reinald Udras.

User

Any individual accessing or using the Websites.

Registered User

A User who has created a personal account.

Account

A personal user account that enables access to certain features of the Websites.

Supporter subscription

A recurring paid digital service granting access exclusively to paid articles and any other benefits expressly described as part of the subscription.

Friends Access

A personal access privilege granted individually by the Service Provider to selected Users for viewing Friends-only content. Friends Access is separate from any Supporter subscription and may be granted, restricted, or withdrawn at the sole discretion of the Service Provider.

Paid Content

Articles or other digital content available exclusively to Users with an active Supporter subscription.

Friends-only Content

Content available exclusively to Users who have been granted Friends Access.

Digital Content

Any text, photographs, graphics, audio, video, downloadable files, or other digital materials published on the Websites.

III. User Accounts

3.1 Account Registration

Certain articles of the Websites require the creation of a personal Account.

Users agree to provide accurate, complete, and up-to-date information during registration and to keep such information current where necessary.

3.2 Minimum Age

Accounts may only be created by individuals who are at least 18 years old or otherwise legally entitled to enter into binding agreements under applicable law.

3.3 Personal Nature of Accounts

Accounts are personal.

Users may not transfer, share, lend, or otherwise make their Account credentials available to any third party.

3.4 Account Security

Users are responsible for maintaining the confidentiality of their login credentials.

Users must promptly notify the Service Provider if they become aware of any unauthorized access to their Account.

3.5 Restriction or Suspension

The Service Provider may temporarily restrict, suspend, or permanently terminate an Account where the User repeatedly or materially breaches these Terms or applicable law.

Serious violations may result in immediate termination without prior notice.

3.6 Account Deletion

Users may delete their Account at any time unless legal obligations or an active subscription require otherwise.

Deleting an Account does not affect any rights or obligations that arose before the deletion became effective.

IV. Friends Access

4.1 General

Friends Access is a free, personal access privilege granted individually by the Service Provider to selected Users.

Friends Access does not constitute a contractual service or legal entitlement.

The Service Provider is under no obligation to grant, maintain, renew, or justify the granting, refusal, suspension, or withdrawal of Friends Access.

4.2 Granting of Friends Access

Friends Access is granted solely at the discretion of the Service Provider.

When considering whether to grant Friends Access, the Service Provider may take into account factors including, but not limited to:

• the User's trustworthiness;
• previous communication with the User;
• compliance with these Terms;
• completeness of the User's profile;
• any other circumstances considered relevant by the Service Provider.

Friends Access is not granted automatically through account registration or the purchase of a Supporter subscription.

4.3 Scope of Friends Access

Friends Access grants the User only the right to access content specifically designated as Friends-only.

Unless expressly stated otherwise, Friends Access does not include:

• access to Paid Content;
• access to future premium services;
• permission to share Friends-only Content with third parties.

4.4 Suspension or Withdrawal

The Service Provider may temporarily suspend or permanently withdraw Friends Access at any time, including where:

• the User breaches these Terms;
• the User violates applicable law;
• the User shares restricted content without authorization;
• the User acts in a manner that harms the Websites, the Service Provider, or other Users;
• the Friends Access program is discontinued.

Withdrawal of Friends Access does not entitle the User to any compensation, refund, or damages.

4.5 Withdrawal due to inactivity

For the purposes of this section, account activity means activity associated with the User's authenticated account or active signed-in session, as recorded by the authentication provider. A new password entry is not required for each activity check.

If no account activity is detected on a Friends Access account for more than 30 full days, the Service Provider may send a reminder to the email address associated with the User's Account.

If no new account activity is detected during the following 7 full days, Friends Access will be withdrawn and the Account will be changed to a standard fan account. The Account itself will not be deleted for this reason.

If the User returns within the 7-day period, Friends Access will remain active. After Friends Access has ended due to inactivity, the User may request access again.

V. Supporter subscription

5.1 Nature of the Subscription

The Service Provider offers a voluntary recurring digital subscription.

A Supporter subscription grants the User a personal, limited, non-exclusive and non-transferable licence to access the digital services expressly included in the subscription during its active subscription period.

5.2 Subscription Benefits

Unless expressly stated otherwise at the time of purchase, a Supporter subscription includes:

• access to Paid Content;
• an advertisement-free reading experience for Paid Content published on the Websites;
• any additional benefits expressly described in the subscription offer.

From time to time, the Service Provider may voluntarily provide gifts, promotional items, or additional benefits.

Such gifts or promotional benefits are provided voluntarily and do not form part of the contractual core of the Supporter subscription. Their provision does not create any entitlement to receive identical or comparable benefits in the future.

You may cancel the subscription at any time, free of charge, with effect from the end of the current, already-paid period, in your account's billing settings: Cancel your subscription here. After cancellation, your access continues until the end of the period already paid for; no further payments are collected.

5.3 Friends Access is Separate

A Supporter subscription does not automatically grant Friends Access.

Friends Access is an independent access privilege and may only be granted separately by the Service Provider.

5.4 Editorial Independence

A Supporter subscription does not guarantee:

• any minimum number of articles;
• any publication schedule;
• any particular category or type of content.

The Service Provider retains full editorial discretion regarding the publication, modification, replacement, or removal of any content.

5.5 Personal Use

Supporter subscriptions are linked exclusively to the User's personal Account.

Users may not:

• transfer their subscription;
• resell their subscription;
• share Account credentials;
• use automated systems, bots or software to access Paid Content;
• allow third parties to access Paid Content through their Account.

5.6 Breach of Contract

Where a User materially breaches these Terms, the Service Provider may:

• suspend the Supporter subscription;
• terminate the Supporter subscription;
• suspend or permanently terminate the User's Account.

Where a Supporter subscription is terminated due to the User's material breach of these Terms, subscription fees already paid shall not be refunded to the extent permitted by applicable law.

5.7 Subscription Changes

The Service Provider reserves the right to modify in the future:

• subscription prices;
• subscription features;
• subscription benefits;
• available subscription plans.

Material changes will be communicated to Users within a reasonable period before they become effective.

If the User does not agree with the changes, they may cancel their Supporter subscription before the changes take effect.

5.8 Right of Withdrawal

If you are a consumer residing in the European Union, you generally have the statutory right to withdraw from the Subscription Agreement within fourteen (14) days.

Where Digital Content is made available immediately after the conclusion of the Subscription Agreement, you will be separately asked during the checkout process to:

• expressly request the immediate commencement of the service before the withdrawal period expires; and
• acknowledge that you are aware that your statutory right of withdrawal expires once the performance has begun.

Where these legal requirements are fulfilled and access to the Digital Content has been provided, the statutory right of withdrawal expires to the extent permitted by applicable law.

Any legally required consents are obtained separately during the checkout process.

5.9 Availability of Digital Content

Access to Paid Content is generally granted immediately after successful payment confirmation.

The Service Provider may delay access where reasonably necessary, including for payment verification, fraud prevention, security measures or technical reasons.

Last updated: August 20, 2026